Content of the webinar Against the background of the anatomical peculiarities of the maxillary posterior region, considerations for adequate, scientifically sound treatment will be presented and discussed in a practical manner. The options range from non-surgical, regenerative and resective procedures to the extraction of a periodontally severely compromised tooth with subsequent augmentation and implant placement. These procedures are based on varying degrees of invasiveness. However, in order to determine the exact surgical techniques, additional diagnostic procedures in the form of three-dimensional imaging are sometimes required to determine the extent of the maxillary sinus or the periodontal attachment of the individual molar roots.