The aim of this lecture is to give participants an insight into the everyday practice of pediatric dentistry. After a brief introduction to the field of behavior and pain management, the main focus will be on conservative treatment in deciduous and young permanent teeth. The speaker will provide an insight into methods that have been tried and tested over the years and the use of modern materials in order to be able to carry out high-quality restorative therapy in children. All with the aim of having to treat a deciduous tooth only once if possible and not being confronted with problems such as filling losses, secondary caries and pulpal complaints occurring in the near future. An insight into optimal endodontic treatment should not be omitted here, as this is the basis of sufficient deciduous tooth treatment. In addition to the treatment of carious teeth, molar incisive hypomineralization has become an important part of everyday paediatric dentistry, which is why current treatment concepts are presented and treatment recommendations are given.